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Shewanella oneidensis
''Shewanella oneidensis'' is a bacterium which can reduce poisonous heavy metal ions and can live in both environments with or without oxygen. This proteobacterium was first isolated from Lake Oneida, NY in 1988, which is where the name is derived from.〔http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/49/2/705 Kasthuri Venkateswaran, Duane P. Moser, Michael E. Dollhopf, Douglas P. Lies, Daad A. Saffarini, Barbara J. MacGregor, David B. Ringelberg, David C. White, Miyuki Nishijima, Hiroshi Sano, Jutta Burghardt, Erko Stackebrandt, Kenneth H. Nealson Polyphasic taxonomy of the genus ''Shewanella'' and description of ''Shewanella oneidensis sp. nov.''// Int J Syst Bacteriol, 1999, № 49〕 This species is referred to as ''Shewanella oneidensis'' MR-1, indicating "manganese reducing", a special feature of this particular organism. It is a very common misconception to think that MR-1 refers to "metal-reducing" instead of the original intended "manganese-reducing" named by Professor Kenneth H. Nealson, who first isolated ''Shewanella oneidensis'' MR-1. ''Shewanella oneidensis'' is a facultative bacterium, capable of surviving and proliferating in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The special interest in ''S. oneidensis'' MR-1 revolves around its behavior in an anaerobic environment contaminated by heavy metals such as iron, lead; perhaps even uranium. Some experiments suggest it may reduce ionic mercury to elemental mercury. Cellular respiration for these bacteria is not restricted to heavy metals though; the bacteria can also target sulfates, nitrates and chromates when grown anaerobically.
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抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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